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Ethereum 2.0: Altair update succeeds with 99% of the nodes on board

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The first Ethereum 2.0 update  since the network was activated in December 2020 has been carried out successfully this week.

As reported by several top Ethereum developers on Twitter, the Altair update was successfully activated on Wednesday. This is the first update to the Beacon Chain, the name given to the Ethereum 2.0 proof-of-stake (PoS) chain , since its launch in December last year.

ETH 2.0 developers Preston Vanloon and Raul Jordan took to their personal Twitter accounts to inform the community that the update had been successfully completed.

Altair marks a significant step in Ethereum’s transition process from a proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism to one of PoS; and this may be the last update before the Ethereum mainnet merge and its switch to PoS.

What changes does Altair bring?

As such, the update aims to provide the Beacon Chain with “lightweight customer support, minor patches for incentives, accounting for idle leaks by validator”; as well as increasing “the severity of the reduction and clean-ups for the accounting of validator rewards for a simplified administration of the state“.

Paul Hauner is the lead developer and code reviewer for Altair on Lighthouse, an ETH 2.0 implementation, explaining to Cointelegraph that the update introduces two main changes.

“First, it added support for thin clients, which are low-resource, downstream nodes with fewer features and slightly weaker security assumptions. Think of a lightweight node on your phone or in your browser,” Hauner detailed. “Second, it increased the penalties [for validators] for being offline and for stealing. These penalties were set low since genesis, so we don’t penalize users who were just learning things. The merger will further increase these penalties”.

99% of nodes updated

Because the Altair update came as a hard fork, all validators on the network had to update to stay offline. That is, anyone operating a Beacon node or a validator must update the client version to the new standard or they risk getting caught in an incompatible chain.

Fortunately, it seems that most of the validators have updated successfully. According to data from the Beacon Chain, there are currently approximately 248,553 active validators and just under 2,000 inactive validators.

Vanloon had reported yesterday in a tweet that the share initially dropped to 93.3% during the first epoch after the update. However, that figure quickly rose to around 95% and has since risen to around 98.7%. In this regard, Hauner assured Cointelegraph that currently almost all validators are on board.

It seems we have pretty much all validators online and running Altair now. It’s hard to know about these privacy-preserving systems, but I’d say we don’t have more than 1% –2% still offline.

Validators that are not updated will not be able to participate in the new consensus mechanism and will also face the risk of being removed and paying penalties. “The protocol sees no difference between a validator that was not updated and one that is temporarily offline due to a network or power problem. Those that didn’t get updated just need to update and then reboot their nodes. They will start validating again once their node reaches the Altair chain,” Hauner explained.

It should be noted that this update does not affect Ethereum proof-of-work network users and miners.

One step closer to the transition to PoS

The successful upgrade represents an important step on the Ethereum project path and means that everything is going smoothly for the transition to PoS. The final Ethereum 2.0 update , which will completely bypass the proof-of-work mechanism, is expected to take place in February 2022.

Developer Ben Edgington outlined the importance of Altair in a blog post earlier this month. He explained that, representing the only Beacon Chain update before the merger, ensuring the 2022 schedule depended on the success of this step.

The Altair update will provide us with valuable experience to ensure that The Merge [fusion] runs smoothly when it is ready for deployment in 2022.

Beacon Chain is the first stage of Ethereum’s new PoS blockchain, which will be merged with the current mainnet as part of the Ethereum 2.0 implementation . The PoS mechanism is more efficient in terms of energy expenditure as it relies on validators rather than miners. Currently Ethereum is still based on a PoW mechanism, a method that Bitcoin also uses.

The price of ETH has risen slightly after the last update and amid a general uptrend in the market. In the last 24 hours, Ether registered an increase of 4.4%; it is trading around $4,195 at press time.

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Shiba Inu: Celebration for the Burning of 176 Million SHIB in a Historic Transaction

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In an exciting development for the Shiba Inu community, September 20 marked a significant milestone as Shiba Inu’s official burn tracker announced that over 176 million SHIB tokens had been burned in a single transaction. But that’s not all; in the last 24 hours, a total of 135,933,606 SHIB tokens were burned, adding up to an impressive total of 521,814,163 tokens burned in just 7 days.

Impact on SHIB Price

As expected, this exceptional event has captured the attention of the cryptocurrency community and Shiba Inu investors worldwide. In the latest hourly update provided by Shibburn, the current price of the meme coin stands at $0.0000073, with a slight 0.15% decrease in the last hour. Although there has been a 1.34% decrease in the price in the last 24 hours, Shiba Inu’s market capitalization remains strong, valued at $4,297,527,749.

Lucie: The Voice of the Shiba Inu Community

On September 18, a key member of the Shiba Inu team, known as Lucie, addressed the community to answer burning questions about the highly anticipated SHIB token burn in Shibarium. Lucie emphasized that token burns are scheduled per transaction, meaning they occur based on the level of community participation. In a passionate plea, she urged SHIB holders to support this effort, stressing that SHIB burns are the result of close collaboration between developers and the community.

Lucie also pointed out that while it’s exciting to see enthusiasm for token burns, it’s crucial for the community to understand that SHIB burns are a community-driven initiative and not a call for developers to take immediate action.

Shibarium’s Focus: Strengthening BONE ShibaSwap

Amidst this backdrop of token burns, the Shibarium team has shifted its focus to strengthen the Bone ShibaSwap token, also known as BONE. Lucie emphasized that the implementation of BONE aims primarily to safeguard the interests of investors. To achieve this goal, the team has implemented a temporary locking contract along with a decentralized multi-signature wallet, ensuring maximum protection for Shiba Inu investors.

Shibarium’s Success with NOWNodes

Recently, Shibarium achieved an impressive feat by processing over 7 million RPC requests for the network in just one week. This achievement sets a new record for the platform and underscores the growing importance of Shibarium in the cryptocurrency ecosystem. NOWNodes, a node service provider supporting more than 80 blockchain networks, reported on this noteworthy accomplishment, highlighting Shibarium’s increasing relevance in the world of cryptocurrencies.

The Shiba Inu community is excited about these recent developments and the massive SHIB token burn, further bolstering their confidence in the project. With Shibarium gaining momentum and active community engagement, the future of Shiba Inu appears bright in the world of cryptocurrencies.

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Crypto Enforcement Funds Under Scrutiny: Congressman Emmer Calls For Restrictions On SEC

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In a recent statement, Congressman Tom Emmer, a prominent figure in the GOP and a staunch advocate for crypto, expressed his concerns regarding the actions of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chair Gary Gensler. 

Emmer accused Gensler of abusing his authority, leading to the expansion of the Administrative State while “disregarding the interests of the American people”. 

To address these concerns, Emmer plans to sponsor an appropriations amendment aimed at restricting the SEC’s use of funds for crypto enforcement until clear rules and regulations are established.

Emmer Advocates For Clear Rules In The Crypto Industry

Emmer’s criticism of Chair Gensler centers on what he perceives as the weaponization of taxpayer dollars. Emmer argues that Gensler has utilized his position to further centralize regulatory control without ensuring a transparent and regulatory-friendly environment for the crypto industry. 

By proposing to restrict the SEC’s funds for digital asset enforcement, Emmer seeks to emphasize the need for clear guidelines that protect both investors and innovators in the crypto space.

Addressing Senator Elizabeth Warren’s stance on cryptocurrencies, Emmer refers to her as a “control-freak senator” with an inclination towards centralized control. 

He suggests that Warren favors a government-owned banking system and desires to retain the centralized power that comes with central banking. Emmer acknowledges the importance of central banking’s role but emphasizes the need for its evolution to adapt to the 21st century.

Emmer further asserts that attempts to suppress digital assets and cryptocurrencies are futile. He cites China’s unsuccessful ban on mining activities as evidence that even authoritarian regimes struggle to control decentralized technologies. 

Emmer believes that a country like the United States, which “cherishes freedom”, cannot impede the progress of digital assets and cryptocurrencies.

The congressman’s remarks shed light on his perspective as an advocate for the crypto industry and his concerns regarding regulatory overreach. Emmer emphasizes the necessity of clear and balanced regulations that foster innovation while protecting investors. 

By sponsoring an appropriations amendment, he aims to use the legislative process to ensure that the SEC’s enforcement actions align with well-defined rules and regulations.

As Emmer’s proposed amendment gains attention, it reflects the ongoing debate surrounding crypto regulations in the United States. The crypto industry seeks regulatory clarity to foster growth and innovation, while regulatory bodies like the SEC aim to protect investors and maintain market integrity. 

Finding the right balance between oversight and innovation remains a key challenge, and Emmer’s efforts contribute to shaping the future of crypto regulation in the United States.

It remains to be seen how Emmer’s appropriations amendment will progress through the legislative process and how it will be received by his colleagues. 

As the nascent industry continues to evolve, the role of Congress and regulatory agencies in establishing a clear and balanced regulatory framework will be crucial for its long-term success and widespread adoption.

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The total crypto market cap slides below the $1 trillion mark on the daily chart. Source: TOTAL on TradingView.com

Featured image from iStock, chart from TradingView.com

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US Forces Young Hacker To Forfeit $5.2 Million In Bitcoin

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Last month, Ahmad Wagaafe Hared, a young hacker based in the United States, was ordered to forfeit approximately $5.2 million worth of Bitcoin (BTC), Stellar (XLM), and a BMW sports car to the government. According to a report, this order was made last week due to Hared’s involvement in a SIM-swapping scheme that targeted crypto executives in North California and the Bay Area.

The Bitcoin SIM-Swapping Hack

The SIM-swapping scheme, orchestrated by Hared–who went by the alias “winblo” — began in 2016 and was stopped by local authorities in 2019.

Hared and his accomplices obtained their victims’ contact information before entering a plea agreement with law enforcement agencies. They would then contact cellphone service providers, manipulating company representatives into believing they were the legitimate owners of the targeted phone numbers. 

After that, they swapped cards, illegally taking control of their victims’ phone numbers. With this scheme, the hacker gained unauthorized access to their victims’ email and other crypto accounts before transferring coins. 

The success of this scheme is evident in the significant amount of assets ordered for forfeiture. Hared must surrender 119.8 BTC, valued at $5.2 million, and 93,420 XLM, worth $11,770. A 2017 BMW sports car, believed to be proceeds of crime, must also be surrendered to the state. 

Bitcoin price on September 11| Source: BTCUSDT on Binance, TradingView
Bitcoin price on September 11 on the 4-hour chart | Source: BTCUSDT on Binance, TradingView

The young hacker has been under arrest for over three years now. As mentioned, in 2019, Hared entered a plea agreement, though many case documents remain sealed, and the deal has not been disclosed to the public. Hared will be sentenced in January 2024 after pleading guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud.

According to details, this case is tied to another SIM-swapping scheme, which saw the indictment of Anthony Francis Faulk, also known as “shade,” who pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud in 2019. 

Hackers Have Stolen Over $200 Million In 2023 Alone

In a recent report, blockchain intelligence firm Chainalysis claimed that hackers linked to North Korea have stolen over $200 million worth of cryptocurrencies to finance their nuclear weapons program.

In August, Lazarus Group said to be sponsored by the North Korean regime, was linked to the $34 million CoinsPaid hack. They were also reportedly behind the Stake.com hack, the FBI claims. The hit on the crypto casino saw over $40 million of coins robbed.

As part of their activities, hackers employ several tactics to steal Bitcoin and coins, including SIM-swapping, phishing, supply chain attacks, and infrastructure hacks.

Feature image from Canva, chart from TradingView

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